（1）對比法

(1) Comparative method

把檢測數據與圖樣資料及平時記錄的正常參數相比較來判斷故障。對于無資料又無平時記錄的電器元器件，可查閱相關手冊或者產品說明書，也可以與同型號的完好電器元器件相比較。

Compare the test data with the drawing data and normal parameters recorded at ordinary times to determine the fault. For electrical components without data and normal records, you can refer to relevant manuals or product instructions, and also compare them with the intact electrical components of the same model.

電路中的電器元器件元件屬于同樣用途性質或多個元件共同控制同一設備時，可以利用其他相似的或同一電源的元件動作和數據情況來判斷故障。

When the electrical components in the circuit belong to the same purpose or multiple components jointly control the same equipment, the actions and data of other similar or the same power supply components can be used to determine the fault.

（2）置轉換元件法

(2) Transposition element method

為了保證山東焊接專機的利用率，某些電路的故障原因不易確定或檢查時間過長時，利用相同焊接設備上可轉換的同一性能良好的元器件實驗，以證實故障是否由此電器在元器件引起。

In order to ensure the utilization rate of Shandong special welding machine, when the fault cause of some circuits is not easy to determine or the inspection time is too long, use the same component with good performance that can be converted on the same welding equipment to test to verify whether the fault is caused by the electrical appliance in the component.

運用轉換元件法檢查時應注意，當把原電器元器件拆下后，要認真檢查是否已經損壞，只有肯定是由于該電器元器件本身因素造成損壞時，才能換上新電器元器件，這樣可以防止新換元件再次損壞。

When using the conversion element method for inspection, it should be noted that when the original electrical components are removed, carefully check whether they have been damaged. Only when it is certain that the electrical components are damaged due to their own factors, can they be replaced with new electrical components, which can prevent the new components from being damaged again.

（3）逐步開路（或接入）法

(3) Stepwise open-circuit (or cut-in) method

焊接設備中多支路并聯且控制較復雜的電路短路或接地時，一般有明顯的外部表現，如冒煙、有燒焦痕跡等。電焊機內部或帶有護罩的電路短路、接地時，除熔斷器熔斷外，不易發現其他外部現象，這種情況可采用逐步開路（或接入）法檢查。

When multiple branches are connected in parallel and the circuit with complex control is short circuited or grounded in the welding equipment, there are usually obvious external manifestations, such as smoke, burning traces, etc. When the circuit inside the welding machine or with a shield is short-circuited or grounded, it is not easy to find other external phenomena except the fuse is blown, which can be checked by the gradual open-circuit (or access) method.

①逐步開路法：遇到難以檢查的短路或接地故障，可重新更換熔斷器熔體，把多支路電路，一路路逐步或地從電路中斷開，然后通電試驗，若熔斷器一再熔斷，故障就在剛剛斷開的這條電路上。然后再將這條支路分成幾段，逐段地接入電路。當接入某段電路時熔斷器又熔斷，故障就在這段電路及某電器元器件元件上。這種方法簡單，但容易把損壞不嚴重的電器元器件元件徹底燒毀。

① Step by step open circuit method: In case of a short circuit or ground fault that is difficult to check, the fuse melt can be replaced, and the multi-branch circuit and one circuit can be gradually or emphatically disconnected from the circuit, and then the power-on test. If the fuse is blown repeatedly, the fault is on the circuit that has just been disconnected. Then the branch is divided into several sections and connected to the circuit section by section. When a circuit is connected, the fuse is blown again, and the fault is on this circuit and some electrical components. This method is simple, but it is easy to completely burn the electrical components that are not seriously damaged.

②逐步接入法：電路出現短路或接地故障時，換上新熔斷器逐步或地將各支路一步一步地接入電源，重新試驗。當接到某段時熔斷器又熔斷，故障就在剛剛接入的這條電路及其所包該文章講述了焊接設備故障的檢查方法與維修經驗.含的電器元器件上。

② Step by step access method: when the circuit has a short circuit or ground fault, replace with a new fuse, gradually or emphatically connect each branch to the power supply step by step, and retest. When a certain section is connected, the fuse is blown again, and the fault lies in the circuit just connected and the electrical components included in the article. This article describes the inspection method and maintenance experience of welding equipment fault.

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